The library at the National Science and Media Museum is a fantastic resource for anyone interested in the history of light and sound-based technologies. We have a collection of over 26,000 books and editions of over 600 periodicals and journals. As part of my role here as Curator of Library and Archives, I am currently spending a lot of time reviewing what we hold here and what we should be collecting to diversify our collection.
Self-publishing is a part of our library collections that we are keen to develop more. During our recent review, we uncovered a selection of pirate and community radio zines from the 1980s among our 1,000+ other periodical titles.
What is a zine?
A zine is a self-published pamphlet or booklet. Zines are generally made by people without formal design skills, so they often have a haphazard aesthetic. Self-published booklets and pamphlets have been produced for centuries (for instance, in radical and political movements), but the term zine was coined later in the 20th century. The term is shortened from the longer ‘fanzine’, initially used to describe handmade magazines produced by fans of genres of film (like science fiction).
Zines are mainly produced in very short runs, and they can tell us a lot about counter-cultures, contemporary language, subcultures and spaces that might not otherwise be documented in formal records. They have been produced by many diverse communities and cultures in the last century—football fans, punks, anarchists, LGBTQ communities, television and film fans, and feminists, to name a few.
The zines we found in our library date from the 1980s and focus on community broadcasting and pirate radio, something Bradford has an amazing legacy of producing!
Monitor and Offshore Echo’s [sic] are small press publications about offshore radio and radio technologies. The issues we hold were published in the 1970s and 1980s and include candid insights into offshore broadcasting practice and technologies. The issues include plans of offshore broadcasting ships, photographs of interiors and technologies used in broadcast, as well as informal accounts of these practices. The regularity of these publications also helps us to understand how hobbyist and ‘amateur’ or community broadcasters communicated with each other through columns, self-publishing and letters.
Relay is a small magazine about community radio and broadcasting, of which we hold a small amount of issues. This publication has articles about black community radio, are well as queer community radio (including the excellently named Gaywaves), and women’s radio groups. The perspectives contained in small press like this help us to understand how these groups used alternative and community broadcasting to create feminist and queer spaces in broadcasting.
In the last year also we’ve started actively collecting new zines relating to photography, film, television and sound technologies. Here are a few examples of the zines we’ve taken on:
Good Fuzzy Sounds is a zine about the history of fuzz (or distortion). The zine is made by Simon Murphy, who describes it as follows:
It covers my own first experiences of fuzz and DIY pedal-building, a detailed two-part history of early fuzzy sounds on records up to 1961, leading to the Maestro Fuzztone in the US and the Tone Bender in the UK, the growth of internet fuzz geek networks, the mythology of the mojo transistor, and interviews with Pepe Rush, an early fuzz innovator on the London scene, and Devi Ever, graduate of the internet DIY pedal scene and modern fuzz goodess. Plus ‘my favourite fuzz’, a true life story comic strip, drawings of all 33 of my fuzz pedals, and fuzz luminaries such as Gary Hurst, Vic Flick, Big Joe Sullivan, Lee Hazlewood, Glenn Snoddy, Craig Anderton and many more.
Secret, Secret is an oral history zine, which is another really useful way to use zines. The zine contains interviews with pirate radio broadcasters who were active in Hull in the 1990s and early 2000s. Collecting zines like this helps us to insert the perspective of the creators of pirate radio content into our library collections.
We’re interested in collecting more zines that relate to photography, film, television and broadcast, and sound. We’re particularly interested in hearing about suggested titles relating to DIY (do-it-yourself) uses of technologies in these mediums. This might include resources for learning how to take photographs or make films, or record sound! We’re also interested in zines about subcultures, independent broadcasting (blogging, community and pirate radio), and fanzines about film and television programmes.
If you have any suggestions for us of current or older titles, please get in touch with us at research@scienceandmediamuseum.org.uk.